Blog/HR Management

How to Write a Leave Policy for Indian Companies — Template & Guide (2025)

February 2025 • 9 min read • HR Management

A clear, compliant leave policy is one of the most important HR documents for any Indian company. It sets employee expectations, protects the employer from disputes, and ensures the company meets its statutory obligations under Indian labour law.

Statutory leave requirements in India

Before designing your leave policy, understand the mandatory minimums under Indian law. These vary by state, industry, and employee category:

Leave TypeStatutory MinimumAct
Earned / Privilege Leave (PL)1 day per 20 days workedFactories Act / Shops Act (state-specific)
Maternity Leave26 weeks (for first 2 children)Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (amended 2017)
National Holidays3 national holidays (Republic Day, Independence Day, Gandhi Jayanti)Negotiable Instruments Act
Sick / Medical LeaveNot uniformly mandated federally — state Shops Acts specify (typically 10-12 days)State-specific Shops and Establishments Acts

Leave types to include in your policy

Earned Leave (EL) / Privilege Leave (PL)
Accrues over time — typically 15–18 days per year. Carry-forward rules and encashment terms should be specified.
Casual Leave (CL)
For short, unplanned absences — typically 6–12 days per year. Usually cannot be carried forward.
Sick Leave (SL)
For illness. Medical certificate may be required for absences over 2 consecutive days. Typically 6–12 days.
Maternity Leave
26 weeks for first two children, 12 weeks for third+ child. Paid leave mandated by law for establishments with 10+ employees.
Paternity Leave
Not mandated by law for private sector, but common practice — typically 5–15 days.
Bereavement Leave
Typically 3–5 days for immediate family. Policy should define who counts as "immediate family".
Public Holidays
List of national + state + optional holidays for the year. Typically issued as an annual holiday calendar.
Comp-off
Compensatory leave earned by working on a public holiday or weekend. Expiry window (typically 30–90 days) must be specified.

Key policy sections to cover

  1. Eligibility: Which employees are covered (permanent, probation, contract, part-time)
  2. Accrual rules: When leave starts accruing and at what rate
  3. Application process: How many days in advance must leave be applied; who approves
  4. Carry-forward limits: Maximum unused leave that can carry into the next year
  5. Encashment: Whether unused earned leave can be encashed at exit or year-end, and at what rate
  6. Leave during probation: Typically no or limited leave during probation
  7. Leave without pay (LWP): Conditions under which unpaid leave is granted
  8. Leave encashment taxation: Note that leave encashment at retirement is exempt up to ₹25 lakh; during service it is taxable

Automating leave management

Once your policy is defined, a leave management system like Peymatrix can configure and enforce all the rules automatically — accrual, carry-forward, approval workflows, encashment calculations, and integration with payroll.

Configure your leave policy in Peymatrix

Multi-policy leave management with approval workflows, balances, and payroll integration. 14-day free trial.

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